Abstract: It has been over 20 years since Donna R. Gabaccia’s seminal work Italy’s Many Diasporas was published (London & New York, 2000), an overview of the social, cultural and economic history of Italy’s various migrations. Much has changed since then, but this book remains a classic. In this roundtable, historians Lucy Riall, Pamela Ballinger and Konstantina Zanou reflect on the value of Gabaccia’s work and on the historical moment of its production. They discuss with the author the developments in the historiography of Italian and other diasporas during the last two decades, and offer insights on new avenues of research including settler colonialism, race and belonging, migration and environmental change, global microhistory and biography, and the Mediterranean context of Italy’s migrations. This article is based on a public conversation, which took place online on 20 October 2023, between Donna R. Gabaccia, Lucy Riall and Konstantina Zanou, organised by the latter within the framework of the ‘Italian and Mediterranean Colloquia’, Columbia University. The event was co-sponsored by the Italian Department and the European Institute at Columbia University, New York and the Department of History and Civilization of the European University Institute, Florence, and is available to watch online.