Abstract: Focusing on the built environment of France, this thesis seeks to analyze how the architecture of an empire at home perpetuates colonial ideals throughout a postcolonial landscape. This paper argues that the trauma of decolonization and the resulting response created a contested historical record, leading to the contemporary landscape of the postimperial French Métropole. The analysis of a particular set of French sites demonstrates that the built environment acts as a narrative device with both subconscious and overt effects on the generational transmission and production of collective memories. These physical locations perpetuate colonial amnesia and nostalgia. The Pied-Noir are people of European descent who were born or lived in Algeria during its French colonial rule. Most departed for mainland France around Algerian independence in 1962 due to violence, but also because many couldn’t imagine their place in an independent Algeria. The repatriation of the Pieds-Noirs brought the settler colonial dynamic back to Métropole France, causing clashes of identity with the mainland French. Just as the Pied-Noir feared for their personal safety, they also feared for the physical environment they built within Algeria. The Pieds-Noirs’ actions in response to the violence they experienced, carried out on their built environment, can be characterized into four spatial trauma responses: repatriation, revision, replication, and ritualization. These spatial trauma responses— reactive, self-protective alterations of an environment—helped give them control over their narrative and are the lenses through which this thesis examines the built environment that the Pied-Noir created in France. An analysis of the Sanctuaire Notre Dame de Santa-Cruz Mas de Mingue explores these responses in situ.


Abstract: “Battered and Beloved” analyzes how the Law inflicts, facilitates, and justifies legal violence towards international, interracial Chinese American adoptees through its categorization of adoptees as sources of labor, commodities, and possessions. To better understand how the Law inflicts legal violence against international, interracial Chinese American adoptees, “Battered and Beloved” traces the origins and progression of adoption laws, interrogates the underlying logics of modern adoption laws, and explores the lived experiences of international, interracial Chinese American adoptee women through oral histories. Through these methodologies, it is revealed that the United States settler colonial project imagines international, interracial Chinese American adoptees as an evergreen and replaceable labor force that can fulfil the myth of the nuclear family, carry out the logics of the settler colonial state, offer extractable labor for the settler colonial state, and produce the next generation of laborers. Legal violence against international, interracial Chinese American adoptees is pervasive and affects adoptee’s access to basic needs and their ability to exist within the settler colonial project. Laws concerning international, interracial Chinese American adoptees operate on settler colonial logics, labor extraction, and disposability rather than creating conditions in which children’s basic needs are met and material conditions are to a high standard of care.



Abstract: This essay examines the Nakba through the analytical framework of settler colonialism, arguing that the mass displacement and fragmentation of Palestinian society in 1948 constituted not merely a humanitarian consequence of war, but also a structural process of demographic transformation and territorial consolidation. The Nakba may be discussed within broader theories of settler colonialism by analyzing expulsions, village destruction, refugee production, and the systematic erasure of Palestinian presence through spatial, legal, and symbolic mechanisms. Further, the essay explores how the political structures established through the Nakba became institutionalized rather than reversed, producing an enduring condition of statelessness, exile, and unequal authority that continues to shape Palestinian life today. It also examines the persistence of Palestinian claims to return, restitution, and historical recognition, arguing that the passage of time does not erase the legal, moral, or historical dimensions of dispossession. In comparing Zionist narratives of national restoration with Palestinian anticolonial critiques, the study highlights the tension between competing claims of self-determination and historical justice. Finally, the essay argues that denial of the Nakba functions not only as a rejection of historical facts, but also as an attempt to delegitimize Palestinian historical experience and political claims. Recognition of the Nakba remains essential to any meaningful framework for justice, equality, and reconciliation in Palestine.





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