Access the chapter hehttps://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/engaging-culture-nature-and-religion-9798216454205/
Abstract: This article examines the Native Institution, the first residential school for Aboriginal children in the British colony of New South Wales. It is well known and recognised as an early example of institutional child removal and assimilationist ideas that would later be known in Australia as the Stolen Generations. Yet, the Native Institution was also short‐lived. In colonial terms, it ‘failed’, as it could neither attract enough voluntary submission of children—nor retain them. This article looks again at the Native Institution to consider it through Indigenous practices of diplomacy and broader Indigenous‐settler relations. I argue that the Native Institution (1814–1829) functioned as a site of intricate intercultural negotiation, as well as more subtle Indigenous evasion. Aboriginal individuals and clan groups navigated the entangling terrain of settler‐colonialism with political acumen, drawing deeply on their own cultural repertoires of diplomacy, adapted to new and urgent realities. By focusing on diplomacy, this paper offers a different perspective on the institution’s legacy and contributes to a deeper understanding of Indigenous political agency in intercultural worlds.
Description: This book examines how convicts played a key role in the development of capitalism in Australia and how their active resistance shaped both workplace relations and institutions. It highlights the contribution of convicts to worker mobilization and political descent, forcing a rethink of Australia’s foundational story. It is a book that will appeal to an international audience, as well as the many hundreds of thousands of Australians who can trace descent from convicts. It will enable the latter to make sense of the experience of their ancestors, equipping them with the necessary tools to understand convict and court records. It will also provide a valuable undergraduate and postgraduate teaching tool and reference for those studying unfree labour and worker history, social history, colonization and global migration in a digital age.
Abstract: This essay not only reassesses Edgar Allan Poe’s legacy in conversation with widely circulated Early American myths about Indigenous people but also uncovers a radical, queer nineteenthcentury temporality in Poe’s work. Examining his lesser-read story, “A Tale of the Ragged Mountains” (1844), it argues that Poe confronts fictions of settler time, like the myth of disappearance, by queering time and space to champion the survivance of the Monacan people in the Ragged Mountains. With his story, Poe rewrites decades of fabulated Monacan demise, following accounts of their assimilation into other tribes and of Jefferson’s own excavation of their remains in Notes on the State of Virginia. Poe transforms the Ragged Mountains from a space of colonial occupation and archaeology to a land queerly haunted by sensuous Indian contact and unsettling rehearsals of colonial violence. Shifting supernaturally between the past in 1780 India and 1827 America to the speculative near-future of 1845, Poe both weaves British colonialism into American imperialism and forecasts the continued survival of the Monacan in the Ragged Mountains. Queer time supersedes settler time in the queer space of Poe’s Ragged Mountains, dispelling continued myths about the “last of the Monacan”.
Abstract: Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this article explores the recent deployment of sheep and grazing practices by Jewish settlers in the occupied West Bank. The wave of herding outposts that has swept through the West Bank recently involves the use of Jewish-owned sheep to undermine and dispossess Palestinians and to re-indigenize the settlers in their place. The sheep have thus become potent yet clandestine agents of control as well as animated technologies for producing, instilling, and normalizing biblical and spiritual imaginaries of the landscape and of the Jewish people as authentically belonging to it. Backed by the state, the settlers’ mundane shepherding activities have already enabled the largest land grab in the occupied West Bank since 1967. My article contemplates this new “shepherding revolution,” as the settlers call it, situating it amid sheep-related practices in other settler colonial contexts and vis-à-vis shepherding in the state’s early years. Ultimately, I argue that studying Jewish shepherds in the West Bank expands our understanding of settler colonialism and illuminates how sheepwashing practices that position settlers as ecopastoralists are used to justify violence in the eyes of the occupying regime, exacerbating the problematic settler ecologies practiced here.
Description: In The Indigenous Anti-Colonial, Linda Tabar explores the radical tradition in which Palestinians remain defiant and undeterred as they hold onto their world and resist settler colonialism. Using a living archive of memory and oral knowledges to trace this long tradition, Tabar outlines the way Palestinians refuse and counter Zionist efforts to erase Palestinian presence and history from the land with an unyielding resistance that is distinctly Indigenous, shaped by Palestinians’ bonds with the land and the world that they built with it. This Indigenous anticolonial radical tradition produces its own imaginaries of liberation that seek a world beyond settler colonialism, white supremacy, and capitalism, constructing alternative conditions for freedom. As Israeli settler colonialism accelerates its attempts to eradicate the Palestinian people and the horrors of its genocide in Gaza are broadcast to the world, Tabar puts Palestinian conceptions of liberation at the center of conversations around settler colonialism.
Abstract: This article charts the colonial career of Charles Symmons (1804–87), the inaugural Protector of Aborigines (1840–55) in Perth, Western Australia. British Imperial policies for the protection of Indigenous peoples emerged in the mid1830s, in the wake of the abolition of slavery and following the recommendations of the Select Committee on Aborigines that reported in 1837. Symmons was one of many protectors appointed in the Australasian colonies in the years that followed. He is notable for his approach to this task, principally because he placed as much emphasis on the protection of British settlers as he did Aboriginal people. This approach derived in part from the local conditions of the remote colony, which had a small population and a tenuous economy, but it can also be explained by Symmons’s background and the circumstances of his appointment. Unlike colleague protectors elsewhere in the antipodean colonies, he was not strongly motivated by a philanthropic or evangelical spirit. He is an important early example of a Protector of Aborigines, because he embodied a shift in Aboriginal policy in the mid-nineteenth century, whereby the humanitarian impulse of the 1830s was subordinated to the practical aim of safeguarding settler safety and economic interests.
Abstract: One central feature of the Indian Act, still in force today, is the federal government’s unilateral power to define who is legally recognized as an “Indian.” For most of the Act’s history, First Nations women who married non-status men lost their status, could not transmit it to their children and were forced to leave their communities. In contrast, First Nations men retained their status and could transmit it to their non-status wives and their children. This article examines this legislated regime of genderbased discrimination and argues that it exemplifies how structural violence against Indigenous women has always been integral to Canada’s settler colonial fabric. To support this argument, it traces the trajectory of the “marry out” rule from pre-confederation laws through the 1951 reform of the Indian Act. The article then demonstrates how the imposition of a Victorian model of gender relations undermined Indigenous women’s roles and advanced settler colonialism. Finally, it shows how gender-differentiated harms persist despite the formal repeal of the discriminatory provisions in 1985. The article concludes by underscoring the need for a gendered lens in evaluating the legacy of the Indian Act, particularly as efforts to harmonize Canadian law with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples raise fundamental questions about the Act’s future.
Abstract: Canadian scholars and political thinkers have long contemplated how federalism might be used to enhance and foster legal pluralism and respect for diversity. Yet, as argued here, Canadian courts often work to deny Indigenous legal jurisdiction by leveraging constitutional principles associated with federalism. This article traces what might be called the “weaponization” of federalism to deny Indigenous jurisdiction in four parts. First, I outline the theory and legal importance of federalism as it relates to Indigenous sovereignty. Second, in using the framework of “jurispathy,” I discuss how Canadian courts deny recognizing the independent existence of Indigenous laws, even when it is in the pleadings before them and relevant to the trier-of-fact. Third, I explore how the Supreme Court of Canada, in the 2024 Dickson v. Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation decision, denied the validity of Indigenous constitutionalism, and in turn suggested that Indigenous self-governance is, at least partially, an emanation of Canadian government jurisdiction. Finally, courts have upheld a paternalistic account of section 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867, which allocates “Indians and lands reserved for Indians” to the federal government. This is despite the fact that, when taking into account the Royal Proclamation of 1763 and the Treaty of Niagara, there is basis to reinterpret section 91(24) not as jurisdiction over a peoples, but a duty and responsibility to them (as opposed to over them).
Abstract: This article examines an overlooked attempt to colonize the island of Trinidad during the English Revolution of the 1640s. This project was engineered by a consortium of radical puritans, seeking to create a protected enclave in the New World for separatists, anabaptists and other sectaries. ‘New Warwick’, as the colony was called, quickly collapsed, but reconstructing the Trinidad enterprise allows for the examination of important developments in the history of the English Atlantic, including the rise of religious divisions in parliament’s civil-war armies; the interplay between the revolution and events in England’s Atlantic colonies; the colonial policy of parliament during the wars; the emergence of pockets of religious toleration in the Caribbean and elsewhere in the English Atlantic; the radical shifts in the political economy of the West Indies during the formative rise of a regime centred on sugar and enslaved labour; and the conflicts that roiled the English Caribbean after the regicide, resulting ultimately in the consolidation of the newly integrated Atlantic empire under the English Republic during the era of the first Navigation Act (1651).
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