Abstract: This study examines Japanese settler colonialism through a comparative analysis of Hokkaidō, Korea, and Manchuria. Rather than treating these cases as a unified model of Japanese settler colonial practice, it suggests a potential paradigm, characterized by state-led colonial expansion and land appropriation, non-displacement exclusion of natives, and the reorganization of pre-existing social relations into new settler colonial orders. This formulation highlights the specificity of Japanese settler colonialism in Asia in relation to dominant Western models, while also showing how its practices varied across the cities of Sapporo, Seoul, and Anshan under different political-economic and ideological conditions. Drawing on the broader global transition in settler colonial forms from the 19th to the twentieth century, this study also reveals a historical transformation within Japanese settler colonialism, from the Hokkaidō model characterized by a settler majority, to the later colonial formations of Korea and Manchuria, where Japanese settlers remained privileged minorities ruling over much larger local populations. Meanwhile, this article underscores the significance of Indigenous agency in settler colonies by showing how Indigenous peoples contested, negotiated, and compromised within urban space. It is hoped that this paper will serve as a foundation for future geographers to apply a settler colonial perspective in more extensive studies of Japanese colonialism in Asia.





Abstract: The Second Growth examines the future of forests, authority, and life in the Nak’albun/Fort St. James region of northern British Columbia, Canada. Drawing on archival research, oral histories, and sixteen months of ethnographic fieldwork, I develop the concept of “second growth” to describe emergent non-colonial relations among regenerating forested landscapes, Indigenous peoples, and non-Indigenous peoples. Borrowed from forestry, the term names renewal after disturbance without implying restoration to an untouched past. I demonstrate that Indigenous resurgence has ruptured the settler colonial status quo of northern Canada, creating new forms of social relations. This resurgence has enabled Indigenous Peoples to exert authority within shared landscapes, which in turn allows non-Indigenous peoples to reimagine their futures and lives within, or supported by, Indigenous sovereignty. It is this capacious and transformative dimension of Indigenous resurgence that I describe as the second growth. Across five substantive chapters encompassing four ethnographic cases, I develop a theoretical approach to studying such “middle grounds”: the unstable spaces where colonial relations are challenged, partially reworked, or unevenly reproduced. I show that Indigenous resurgence can create conditions for repair, but that such repair remains vulnerable to ecological crisis, extractive capitalism, settler backlash, and resurgent Canadian nationalism. Ultimately, the dissertation argues that the future of life in the forests of the North will depart from settler colonialism, taking shape through Indigenous authority, negotiated coexistence, dependency, and renewal within the North’s industrial landscapes.




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