Abstract: Settler colonialism and state formation have altered Indigenous Peoples’ approaches to health care, both by undermining Indigenous medical systems and introducing biomedicine as a site of state governance. For Mapuche Indigenous Peoples in southern Chile and Argentina, these plural medical practices converge in state-operated “intercultural” health programs. This article examines Mapuche-led efforts to create alternative ways of organizing and administering health care that address Mapuche Peoples’ health needs and support their territorial demands. Approaching health care as a site of territorial struggle, this article underscores health and medicine as critical terrain in Indigenous movements for territorial control and political self-determination.
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