Seeing and not seeing Indigenous peoples: Alexis N. Goad, The Mutual Construction of Native American Identity in a Settler Colonial Context, PhD dissertation, University of Arizona, 2026

01Sep26

Abstract: Native American people occupy a unique sociohistorical context within the United States that can render invisible in the modern cultural sphere. This project attempts to investigate the ways that the invisibility of contemporary Native American people contributes to the continuation of the settler colonial project of Indigenous elimination. It is argued that the lack of cultural visibility between Native and non-Native people contributes to a process of inauthentication, where contemporary Natives are unrecognized or delegitimized in their identity. Study 1 found that historicized depictions of Native people are viewed as the most representative of Native American identity per non-Native perceptions. Study 2a offers a qualitative analysis of written responses from open-ended questions regarding non-Native perceptions and expectations of Native people from three different U.S. states. Using experimental methods, Study 2b found that non-Native people are significantly more willing to assign Native identity only when the identity signals are overwhelmingly stereotypical and virtually unachievable. Through interviews with Native people, qualitative analysis in Study 3 found that Native people may put more emphasis on the weight of expectations from other Natives rather than the expectations from non-Natives. The tension between these results and the applicability of a critical framework for further research is discussed.